What do disinfectants not kill?

Disinfectants are designed to eliminate a range of pathogens, but they do not effectively kill spores. Spores are a resilient form of bacteria that can withstand extreme environmental conditions, making them significantly more resistant to chemical disinfectants compared to their vegetative counterparts. This resistance is due to the tough outer coating that spores possess, which protects them from the effects of various substances, including many disinfectants.

In practice, while disinfectants are highly effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, they often require more specialized processes, such as sterilization, to ensure that spores are killed. Understanding this distinction is crucial for maintaining hygiene and safety standards in environments such as salons and spas, where pathogens can pose health risks.