What term describes darker than normal pigmentation appearing as dark splotches?

The term that describes darker than normal pigmentation appearing as dark splotches is hyperpigmentation. This condition occurs when there is an overproduction of melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of skin, hair, and eyes. Hyperpigmentation can be triggered by various factors, such as sun exposure, hormonal changes, certain medications, or skin injuries like acne scars. As a result, individuals may notice these darkened areas on their skin, which can vary in size and shape.

Hypopigmentation, on the other hand, refers to lighter than normal skin pigmentation, suggesting a decrease in melanin. Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by a lack of melanin, resulting in very light skin, hair, and eyes. Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can manifest as a dark spot, but it is significantly different from general hyperpigmentation, which does not involve cancerous cells. Thus, hyperpigmentation is the appropriate term for darker splotches on the skin.